FORENSIC METHYLATION ANALYSIS TOOLSETS (FORMAT)

Objective

The ForMAT project addresses limitations in forensic DNA profiling, particularly in criminal cases, disaster victim identification (DVI), and legal age assessment for asylum claimants. Traditional DNA methods struggle with unsolved cases, mass disasters, and legal age estimation. ForMAT focuses on DNA methylation (DNAm) as a solution, using epigenetic markers to estimate age and lifestyles, as well to predict tissue type. This approach enhances criminal investigations by narrowing suspect profiles and expedites missing person identification in mass disasters, improving the return of remains to families. In asylum cases, DNAm offers a radiation-free alternative for assessing age, reducing reliance on X-rays. ForMAT builds on the VISAGE project, aiming to advance these tools from Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 5 to TRL 7. By developing new DNAm kits and a bioinformatic applicaiton including forensic prediction models, ForMAT enables law enforcement to estimate age, to infer lifestyles and to identify the tissue-of origin from DNA samples. Kits include a DNAm somatic kit, as well as a DNAm germ-line kit for criminal cases, a DNAm DVI kit for guiding in the identification process of human remains, and a DNAm legal age kit for asylum assessments. The integration of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, including second- and third-generation sequencing, enhances forensic workflows and ensures high accuracy even with degraded samples. The ForMAT consortium , consisting of 11 EU institutions, leverages expertise across countries and disciplines to bring these innovations to real-world use. Members include leading universities, police bodies, and forensic institutes, committed to scaling up, testing, and validating these tools across Europe. Their involvement in international forensic boards ensures widespread dissemination, aiming for broad adoption of ForMAT’s epigenetic molecular tools in forensic science, ultimately enhancing investigative practices and public safety.