Towards Scalable Photonics circuits: A Unified Platform Integrating 2D Perovskites, Metasurfaces, and Waveguides

Objective

Photonic circuits-chips that use light instead of electricity are essential for future technologies in high-speed communication, quantum information, and neuromorphic computing. But current platforms face critical challenges: silicon’s inability to emit light, reliance on bulky external sources, and the complexity of integrating III-V emitters. Moreover, existing two-dimensional perovskite (2DP)-based devices use polycrystalline films or randomly oriented flakes, leading to high optical losses, poor uniformity, and limited integration with waveguides. 2DP-METAWAVE introduces a polariton-enabled photonic platform that combines the strong light–matter interaction of 2DPs with the scalability of silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) waveguides and the versatility of metasurfaces. Exciton-photon coupling in 2DPs generates polaritons for efficient, low-power light emission, which is then coupled into low-loss Si₃N₄ waveguides for on-chip routing. We will fabricate wafer-scale arrays of highly aligned single-crystal 2DPs using Capillary-Bridge Lithography, achieving low-loss polariton propagation (<5 dB/cm). To fully exploit the optical quality of these aligned 2DP crystals, we will integrate them with metasurfaces that enable ultra-high-Q resonances through bound states in the continuum (BICs), providing strong field confinement and efficient light control in a compact, planar architecture. Metasurface-enabled components such as high-efficiency inverse-designed couplers and high-Q resonant structures (Q >10⁵) will ensure compact, chip-scale integration. We will demonstrate fast modulation of waveguide-coupled polariton emission at room temperature, enabling logic operations with extinction ratios ≥10 dB and sub-10 ns switching. By merging precision fabrication, resonant metasurface design, and dynamic signal control, 2DP-METAWAVE will deliver a new class of reconfigurable, energy-efficient photonic circuits, bridging a critical gap toward scalable integrated photonic technologies.